{"publisher":"Institute for American Manufacturing & Technology","collection":"Learn reference library, series registry","terms":"Provenance records may be reused with attribution. The underlying data belong to the publishing agencies named in each record.","generated":"2026-10-07T22:39:44+00:00","count":22,"series":[{"key":"MANEMP","agency":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","program":"Current Employment Statistics","series":"CES3000000001 (FRED: MANEMP)","measure":"All Employees, Manufacturing","units":"Thousands of persons","adjustment":"Seasonally adjusted","period":"January 1939 to July 2026","latest":"12,611 thousand, July 2026","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"Establishment survey. Counts payroll jobs rather than people, so a worker holding two jobs is counted twice.","url":"https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/MANEMP"},{"key":"IPMAN","agency":"Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System","program":"G.17 Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization","series":"IPMAN","measure":"Industrial Production: Manufacturing (NAICS)","units":"Index, 2017 = 100","adjustment":"Seasonally adjusted","period":"January 1972 to June 2026","latest":"98.6995, June 2026","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"An index against a base year, not a level. Counts establishments located in the United States regardless of ownership; excludes U.S. territories. Rebased periodically, so readings are not comparable across rebasings without the underlying series.","url":"https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/IPMAN"},{"key":"VAPGDPMA","agency":"U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis","program":"GDP by Industry accounts","series":"VAPGDPMA","measure":"Value Added by Industry: Manufacturing as a Percentage of GDP","units":"Percent of GDP","adjustment":"Quarterly, not seasonally adjusted","period":"Q1 2005 to Q1 2026","latest":"9.4 percent, Q1 2026","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"This quarterly series begins in 2005. BEA publishes annual GDP-by-industry estimates for 1947 forward, with a classification break between historical SIC-based and current NAICS-based vintages.","url":"https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/VAPGDPMA"},{"key":"PRMFGCONS","agency":"U.S. Census Bureau","program":"Construction Spending, Value of Construction Put in Place","series":"PRMFGCONS","measure":"Total Private Construction Spending: Manufacturing","units":"Millions of dollars, annual rate","adjustment":"Seasonally adjusted; NOT adjusted for price changes","period":"January 1993 to June 2026","latest":"$170,309 million, June 2026","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 31, 2026","note":"Census states the data are adjusted for seasonality but not for price changes. During periods of construction inflation the real change is larger than the nominal change in both directions.","url":"https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/PRMFGCONS"},{"key":"NERC-LTRA","agency":"North American Electric Reliability Corporation","program":"Long-Term Reliability Assessment","series":"2025 LTRA, published January 2026","measure":"Ten-year summer peak demand growth forecast","units":"Gigawatts of peak demand growth over ten years","adjustment":"Committed projects only","period":"Assessments of 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025","latest":"224 GW in the 2025 assessment, against 132 GW in 2024, 80 GW in 2023 and 55 GW in 2022","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"NERC counts a large load only once a project advances from speculative and exploratory stages into development commitments, so the series lags real but uncommitted load.","url":"https:\/\/www.nerc.com\/globalassets\/our-work\/assessments\/nerc_ltra_2025.pdf"},{"key":"LBNL-QUEUE","agency":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","program":"Queued Up, Electricity Markets and Policy","series":"2026 edition, data through end of 2025","measure":"Capacity seeking transmission interconnection","units":"Gigawatts; years; percent completion","adjustment":"Active requests, duplicates removed","period":"Requests through December 2025","latest":"2,060 GW active; median over 5 years from request to operation for projects built in 2025; about 13 percent historical completion","source_tier":"Synthesis, compiled from ISO, RTO and utility data covering about 98 percent of U.S. capacity","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"Covers generation requests seeking transmission connection only. Excludes load interconnection requests, distribution-connected projects and behind-the-meter projects. A factory connecting as new load appears nowhere in these figures.","url":"https:\/\/emp.lbl.gov\/queues"},{"key":"USGS-MCS","agency":"U.S. Geological Survey","program":"National Minerals Information Center","series":"Mineral Commodity Summaries","measure":"Net import reliance for nonfuel mineral commodities","units":"Percent of apparent consumption met by net imports","adjustment":"Import share by country averaged 2020 to 2023","period":"Published annually","latest":"100 percent for yttrium, graphite, gallium, arsenic and tantalum; 80 percent rare earths; 85 percent antimony","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"Import reliance describes origin, not concentration. Reliance can be expressed by volume or by value, producing different rankings, and neither captures criticality.","url":"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/centers\/national-minerals-information-center\/mineral-commodity-summaries"},{"key":"CEQ-EIS","agency":"Council on Environmental Quality","program":"NEPA implementation","series":"EIS Timelines reports, 2020 and 2025 editions","measure":"Time to complete an environmental impact statement","units":"Years from notice of intent to the record of decision (2020 report) or to the final EIS (2025 report)","adjustment":"One report gives a mean, the other a median","period":"2010 to 2018 and 2010 to 2024","latest":"4.5 year average and 3.5 year median to the record of decision for 2010 to 2018; 2.4 year median to the final EIS for 2021 to 2024","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 31, 2026","note":"The mean is affected by outliers including two statements that took 21 and 25 years. CEQ states that the EIS accounts for roughly one percent of environmental analyses conducted under NEPA.","url":"https:\/\/ceq.doe.gov\/nepa-practice\/eis-timelines.html"},{"key":"RI-CASES","agency":"Reshoring Initiative","program":"Case database","series":"2024 Annual Report","measure":"Manufacturing jobs announced through reshoring and FDI","units":"Jobs announced","adjustment":"Announcements, not employment","period":"2010 to 2024","latest":"244,000 announced in 2024; more than 2 million cumulatively since 2010","source_tier":"Private; no public equivalent exists","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"The Reshoring Initiative states that job numbers are based on company announcements of current, recent or future hiring, and that actual hiring typically lags announcements by 12 to 24 months. Not comparable with an employment stock.","url":"https:\/\/reshorenow.org\/content\/pdf\/2024-1Q2025_RI_DATA_Report.pdf"},{"key":"MCUMFN","agency":"Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System","program":"G.17 Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization","series":"Capacity Utilization: Manufacturing","measure":"Manufacturing capacity utilization","units":"Percent of capacity","adjustment":"Seasonally adjusted","period":"Long-run average computed 1972 to 2025","latest":"76.0 percent, July 2026, about 2.2 points below the long-run average","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 31, 2026","note":"Measures how much installed capacity is in use, not how much capacity exists. Aggregate slack is consistent with specific capabilities being fully booked.","url":"https:\/\/www.federalreserve.gov\/releases\/g17\/"},{"key":"USC-4801","agency":"Office of the Law Revision Counsel, U.S. House of Representatives","program":"United States Code, Title 10, Subtitle A, Part V","series":"10 U.S.C. \u00a74801","measure":"Definitions, national technology and industrial base","units":"","adjustment":"","period":"Text in effect April 7, 2026","latest":"Covers activities conducted within the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and Canada","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"Transferred from 10 U.S.C. \u00a72500 by Pub. L. 116-283, effective January 1, 2022. Countries were added by Pub. L. 114-328 in 2016 and Pub. L. 117-263 in 2022. The \"capable of engaging in\" language belongs to the sector definition at \u00a74801(4), not to this definition.","url":"https:\/\/uscode.house.gov\/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4801&num=0&edition=prelim"},{"key":"CM-LIST","agency":"U.S. Geological Survey, on behalf of the Secretary of the Interior","program":"Energy Act of 2020, Section 7002","series":"Final 2025 List of Critical Minerals, 90 FR 50494","measure":"List of Critical Minerals","units":"Count of designated minerals","adjustment":"","period":"Published November 6, 2025; revised at least every three years","latest":"60 minerals, including 10 added in 2025","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"Uranium appeared on the 2018 list, was removed in 2022 on the reasoning that the Energy Act excludes fuel minerals, and was restored in the final 2025 list. The Department of Energy Critical Materials List is a separate determination under a different authority and does not contain the same items.","url":"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2025\/11\/07\/2025-19813\/final-2025-list-of-critical-minerals"},{"key":"BLS-OOH-MACH","agency":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","program":"Occupational Outlook Handbook and Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics","series":"Machinists and Tool and Die Makers","measure":"Median annual wage and ten-year employment projection","units":"Dollars per year; percent change","adjustment":"Median, not mean","period":"Wages May 2024; projection 2024 to 2034","latest":"Machinists $56,150; tool and die makers $63,180; overall employment projected to decline 2 percent","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"The projection is for the occupation as a whole and reflects expected productivity gains from CNC and automation. It does not describe whether individual employers can fill a given position, which is a separate question that this series was not built to answer.","url":"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/ooh\/production\/machinists-and-tool-and-die-makers.htm"},{"key":"COMMERCE-232-MACHINERY","agency":"U.S. Department of Commerce","program":"Section 232 investigation, industrial machinery","series":"Section 232 filing on industrial machinery","measure":"U.S. machine tool trade","units":"Dollars","adjustment":"Customs value","period":"2024","latest":"Exports $550 million; imports $1.6 billion; deficit $1.1 billion","source_tier":"Primary finding, retrieved through a secondary compilation rather than the filing itself","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"The Institute has not read the underlying Section 232 filing directly. The figures are reported by the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, which cites the filing. This entry is marked at a lower confidence than a figure taken from an agency data release, and will be upgraded when the filing is obtained.","url":"https:\/\/itif.org\/publications\/2025\/12\/15\/mapping-industrial-strength-us-machine-tool-production-and-consumption\/"},{"key":"EIA-INTERCONNECT","agency":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","program":"Today in Energy","series":"U.S. electric system interconnections and balancing authorities","measure":"Count of balancing authorities by interconnection","units":"Count of entities","adjustment":"","period":"Structural description rather than a time series","latest":"Eastern 36 (31 U.S., 5 Canada); Western 37 (34 U.S., 2 Canada, 1 Mexico); ERCOT 1","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"Counts change as balancing authorities consolidate or form. Interconnection, balancing authority and regional transmission organisation are distinct concepts, and ERCOT is the single case where all three are the same entity.","url":"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=27152"},{"key":"NERC-ELCC","agency":"North American Electric Reliability Corporation","program":"Resource adequacy and capacity accreditation","series":"2025 LTRA and the September 2025 accreditation report","measure":"Capacity accreditation and effective load carrying capability","units":"Accredited megawatts against nameplate","adjustment":"Method varies by planning area","period":"2025 assessment and workshop","latest":"ERCOT moved from on-peak capacity factors to average ELCC for variable resources; the resulting derates largely offset load management gains","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"No standardised accreditation method exists across planning areas. NERC convened a 2025 workshop to identify what prevents standardisation. Accreditation varies with dominant resource types, resource diversity, regional load shapes, risk tolerance and seasonal against annual constructs, so one generator can hold different accredited capacity in two regions with neither figure being wrong.","url":"https:\/\/www.nerc.com\/globalassets\/our-work\/reports\/special-reports\/elcc_report._september_2025.pdf"},{"key":"AEP-OHIO-QUEUE","agency":"American Electric Power Ohio","program":"Large load interconnection tariff","series":"Large load queue before and after a financial commitment requirement","measure":"Effect of a commitment requirement on queue volume","units":"Gigawatts of requested load","adjustment":"","period":"Before and after the tariff took effect","latest":"About 30 GW falling to 5.6 GW; more than 80 percent of submitted load did not survive the requirement","source_tier":"Utility tariff outcome, retrieved through a secondary compilation rather than the utility filing","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"The Institute has not read the underlying tariff filing or the queue reports directly, and this figure is marked at lower confidence than an agency data release. It measures commitment under one tariff at one utility. A queue that collapses under a financial requirement does not establish that the demand was never real, only that it was not committed there.","url":"https:\/\/www.carbon-direct.com\/insights\/rethinking-load-forecasting-for-changing-grid"},{"key":"LBNL-DATACENTER","agency":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy","program":"2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage Report","series":"Bottom-up estimate mandated by the Energy Act of 2020","measure":"U.S. data center electricity consumption and projection","units":"Terawatt-hours per year; percent of national consumption","adjustment":"Bottom-up from equipment shipments and installed base","period":"History 2014 to 2023; projection to 2028","latest":"176 TWh and 4.4 percent in 2023; 325 to 580 TWh and 6.7 to 12.0 percent projected for 2028","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"The report converts its energy projection into 74 to 132 GW of power demand by assuming an average capacity utilisation rate of 50 percent, an assumption stated in the report and omitted from most citations. The authors also note that direct metered energy data for the sector does not exist, which limits a bottom-up estimate in a segment changing this quickly.","url":"https:\/\/eta-publications.lbl.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-12\/lbnl-2024-united-states-data-center-energy-usage-report_1.pdf"},{"key":"EIA-MIX","agency":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","program":"Electric Power Monthly and Electricity Explained","series":"Generating capacity and net generation by source","measure":"U.S. electricity capacity share against generation share","units":"Percent of capacity; percent of net generation","adjustment":"Net summer capacity; utility-scale plants of 1 MW and above unless stated","period":"Calendar year 2025","latest":"Coal 13.3 percent of net summer capacity and about 17 percent of generation; natural gas 40.0 and 40; renewables 31.5 percent of utility-scale net summer capacity; wind and solar 17 percent of utility-scale generation, 19 percent including small-scale solar; dispatchable sources 75 percent of generation","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 31, 2026","note":"Capacity share and generation share are different distributions separated by capacity factor. Most published figures cover utility-scale plants only; EIA estimates small-scale solar separately, and including it changes the wind and solar share by about two percentage points.","url":"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/energyexplained\/electricity\/electricity-in-the-us-generation-capacity-and-sales.php"},{"key":"EIA-RETIREMENTS","agency":"U.S. Energy Information Administration","program":"Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory","series":"Planned against actual generating capacity retirements","measure":"U.S. generating capacity retirements and additions","units":"Gigawatts","adjustment":"Utility-scale","period":"Calendar year 2025","latest":"About 12.3 GW planned for retirement, roughly 4.6 GW retired, the least since 2008; about 53 GW of new utility-scale capacity added","source_tier":"Agency data retrieved through a secondary compilation rather than the EIA release","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"The Institute has not read the underlying EIA generator inventory directly, and these figures are marked at lower confidence than a figure taken from an agency release. Retirements were delayed under demand pressure and following Department of Energy emergency orders extending operation of several coal plants.","url":"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/electricity\/data\/eia860m\/"},{"key":"ACEG-MILES","agency":"Americans for a Clean Energy Grid","program":"Fewer New Miles, July 2024","series":"Average annual new high-voltage transmission miles","measure":"U.S. high-voltage transmission construction rate","units":"Miles per year, averaged over each period","adjustment":"","period":"2010 to 2014, 2015 to 2019, 2020 to 2023","latest":"1,700 miles per year falling to 925, then to 350","source_tier":"Advocacy organisation compilation; not reconstructed by the Institute from underlying filings","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"The publisher has a stated interest in more transmission being built, and this figure is marked at lower confidence than an agency data release. It is used because no federal series publishes annual high-voltage miles constructed in comparable form, and the alternative is to leave the trend unquantified.","url":"https:\/\/cleanenergygrid.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/GS_ACEG-Fewer-New-Miles-Report-July-2024.pdf"},{"key":"DOE-TRANSFORMERS","agency":"U.S. Department of Energy","program":"The Supply Chain Crisis Facing the Nation's Electric Grid, December 2022","series":"Large power transformer dependence and import share","measure":"U.S. reliance on large power transformers","units":"Percent","adjustment":"","period":"Installed base as of 2019; lead times as of 2022","latest":"More than 90 percent of consumed power passes through a large power transformer; approximately 82 percent of those installed in 2019 were imported","source_tier":"Primary","retrieved":"August 9, 2026","note":"Lead time figures in this entry come from a second-quarter 2025 industry survey reported through trade press rather than from an agency release, and are marked at lower confidence. Distribution transformers and large power transformers are separate markets that have moved in opposite directions since 2022.","url":"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-12\/The%20Supply%20Chain%20Crisis%20Facing%20the%20Nations%20Electric%20Grid_12.12.22.pdf"}]}